In this talk, we show that the presence of a magnetic monopole in position space gives rise to a violation of the fermion number conservation in chiral matter. Using the chiral kinetic theory, we derive a model-independent expression of such a violation in nonequilibrium many-body systems of chiral fermions. In local thermal equilibrium at finite temperature and chemical potential, this violation is proportional to the chemical potential with a topologically quantized coefficient.
These consequences are due to the interplay between the Dirac monopole in position space and the Berry monopole in momentum space.