On February 23, 1987, neutrinos from a supernova explosion in the Large Magellanic Cloud were observed for the first time in the world. Observations of supernova neutrinos, which are emitted from supernova explosions caused by gravitational collapse at the center of massive stars during the final stage of their evolution, are important for various topics in astrophysics, including the history of star formation and the mechanism of supernova explosions. Therefore, supernova neutrinos have been actively studied both observationally and theoretically. In particular, Super-Kamiokande, which which began a new stage of operations as SK-Gd in 2020, is expected to bring drastic progress in supernova neutrino research, especially in the measurement of diffuse supernova neutrino background and the pointing accuracy for nearby supernovae. Furthermore, next-generation large neutrino detectors such as Hyper-Kamiokande will enter a new stage of precision measurements for supernova neutrino observations.
In this seminar, I will discuss recent progress and prospects of supernova neutrino research.