Daniel Sudarsky, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
Emergence of the seeds of cosmic structure during inflaton: Foundational issues in quantum theory and a search for novel aspects of physics.
Seminar room, Kenkyu honkan 3F
The observations of the first traces of cosmic structure in the Cosmic Microwave Background are in excellent agreement with the predictions of inflation. However as we shall see, that account is not fully satisfactory, as it does not address the transition from an homogeneous and isotropic early stage to a latter one lacking those symmetries. We will argue that new physics is needed to account for such transition and that some of the proposals designed to deal with the measurement problem in quantum mechanics have the required features to play that role. We will explain how observations can be used to constrain the phenomenological proposals made in this regard.
Loriano Bonora, SISSA
Why highers spins: because they are everywhere
Meeting room 3, Kenkyu honkan 1F
Higher spin theories have been regarded so far as an interesting but somewhat exotic topic in theoretical physics. I would like to show in this talk that higher spins fields appear naturally in any field theory and are more familiar to us than naively expected. I will consider free scalar and fermion theories in various dimensions (3,4,5,6) coupled to external sources with various spins and show by computing the one-loop two-point correlators that such simple models know about the (linearized classical) dynamics of these sources. The next step consists in studying the three-point functions i.e. the interaction and see whether there exist consistent solutions by comparing interactions and symmetries. This research is motivated by the quest for consistent theories with infinite many fields.
Masato Taki, RIKEN
5d gauge theory descriptions of 6d SCFTs via brane-webs
Meeting room 3, Kenkyu honkan 1F
After explaining basic background materials, I will introduce a new IIB 5-brane description for the 6d E-string theory that is the world-volume theory on M5-brane probing the end of the world M9-brane. The E-string in our new realization, which is named Tao web, is depicted as spiral 5-branes web equipped with the cyclic structure which is a key to uplifting to 6 dimensions. Utilizing the topological vertex to the 5-brane web configuration enables us to write down a combinatorial formula for the generating function of the E-string elliptic genera. Our Tao web description can be generalized to a wide range of 6d non-Lagrangian SCFTs. In the latter part of this seminar I will show many examples of brane-webs which lead to 6d SCFTs in the strongly-coupled region
Hiroshi Suzuki, Kyushu U
Fermion number anomaly with the fluffy mirror fermion
Meeting room 1, Kenkyu honkan 1F Recently, Grabowska and Kaplan presented a 4-dimensional lattice formulation of chiral gauge theories on the basis of the so-called chiral overlap operator. We study this formulation from the perspective of the fermion number anomaly and possible associated phenomenology. A simple argument shows that the consistency of the formulation implies that the fermion with the opposite chirality to the physical one, the “fluffy mirror fermion’” or `”fluff”, suffers from the fermion number anomaly in the same magnitude (with the opposite sign) as the physical fermion. This immediately shows that if at least one of the fluff quarks is massless, the formulation provides a simple solution to the strong CP problem. Also, if the fluff interacts with gravity essentially in the same way as the physical fermion, the formulation can realize the asymmetric dark matter scenario.
Recently, Grabowska and Kaplan presented a 4-dimensional lattice formulation of chiral gauge theories on the basis of the so-called chiral overlap operator. We study this formulation from the perspective of the fermion number anomaly and possible associated phenomenology. A simple argument shows that the consistency of the formulation implies that the fermion with the opposite chirality to the physical one, the “fluffy mirror fermion’” or `”fluff”, suffers from the fermion number anomaly in the same magnitude (with the opposite sign) as the physical fermion. This immediately shows that if at least one of the fluff quarks is massless, the formulation provides a simple solution to the strong CP problem. Also, if the fluff interacts with gravity essentially in the same way as the physical fermion, the formulation can realize the asymmetric dark matter scenario.
(Refernece) arXiv:1608.02217
Yusuke Kimura, YITP, Kyoto University
Discrete Gauge Symmetries in F-theory Compactifications without Section (in Japanese)
Meeting room 3, Kenkyu honkan 1F
セクションを持たないF理論のモデルを考察する。セクションを持たないF理論のモデルにおいては、離散ゲージ群が自然に現れ。セクションを持たないF理論のモデルの構成や、現れる離散ゲージ群について議論する。射影空間の積における超曲面や完全交叉、および射影空間の積の２重被覆を考えることで、genus-1ファイバーを持ったセクションのないカラビ・ヤウ4-foldsを構成する。Jacobian fibrationsやそのMordell-Weil群についても議論する。また、7ブレーン上の非可換ゲージ対称性についても議論する。
Richard Ruiz, Durham U., IPPP
Neutrino Jets from High-Mass WR Gauge Bosons in TeV-Scale Left-Right Symmetric Models
Meeting room 1, Kenkyu honkan 1F, In this seminar, we re-examine the discovery potential at hadron colliders of high-mass WR gauge bosons in Left-Right Symmetric Models. We focus on the case where the WR is very heavy compared to the heavy Majorana neutrino N. Present search strategies for WR-N production are not sensitive to this regime due to the breakdown of the collider signature definition: since the neutrinos produced in WR decays are highly boosted, their decays to leptons and jets are highly collimated, forming a single object we call a “neutrino jet.”
In this seminar, we re-examine the discovery potential at hadron colliders of high-mass WR gauge bosons in Left-Right Symmetric Models. We focus on the case where the WR is very heavy compared to the heavy Majorana neutrino N. Present search strategies for WR-N production are not sensitive to this regime due to the breakdown of the collider signature definition: since the neutrinos produced in WR decays are highly boosted, their decays to leptons and jets are highly collimated, forming a single object we call a “neutrino jet.”
After exploring the phenomenology of neutrino jets, we consider an alternative WR-N search strategy at hadron colliders. We include QCD corrections to WR production with threshold resummation at NNLL and matched, for the first time, to the threshold-improved parton distributions. We these improvements, we present the discovery potential of neutrino jets at the 13 TeV Large Hadron Collider and a hypothetical future 100 TeV Very Large Hadron Collider.
(references)
1607.03504, 1610.08985
Natsumi Nagata, The University of Tokyo
A supersymmetric two-field relaxion model
Meeting room 1, Kenkyu honkan 1F
We discuss a supersymmetric version of a two-field relaxion model that naturalizes supersymmetric models with high SUSY-breaking. This exploits a relaxion mechanism that does not depend on QCD dynamics and where the relaxion potential barrier height is controlled by a second axion-like field. During the cosmological evolution, the relaxion rolls down with a nonzero value that breaks supersymmetry and scans the soft supersymmetric mass terms. Electroweak symmetry is broken after the soft masses become of order the supersymmetric Higgs mass term and causes the relaxion to stop rolling. This can explain the tuning in supersymmetric models, while preserving the QCD axion solution to the strong CP problem. We will also consider possible inflation models compatible with this framework.
Olcyr Sumensari, LPT Orsay
B-Physics Puzzles and Lepton Flavor Violation
Meeting room 1, Kenkyu honkan 1F
Even though the LHC searches so far did not unveil the new physics (NP)particles, the B-physics experiments at LHCb, BaBar and Belle hint towards deviations from Lepton Flavor Universality in semi-leptonic decays. In this talk I will review the status of these puzzles, and discuss the possibilities for BSM scenarios. Particular emphasis will be given to the implications for Lepton Flavor Violation in B meson decays
Mayumi Saitou, Ochanomizu University
Hydrodynamics on non-commutative space
Meeting room 3, Kenkyu honkan 1F Recently, Y. Nambu formulated a new hydrodynamics in which incompressible fluid dynamics is connected to Hamiltonian dynamics in terms of area preserving diffeomorphism. If the equations of motion of two-dimensional fluid are expressed using Poisson brackets, then it is allowed to understand a stream function plays a role of Hamiltonian. According to this standpoint, three-dimensional incompressible fluid theory can be related to the dynamics of Nambu brackets.
Recently, Y. Nambu formulated a new hydrodynamics in which incompressible fluid dynamics is connected to Hamiltonian dynamics in terms of area preserving diffeomorphism. If the equations of motion of two-dimensional fluid are expressed using Poisson brackets, then it is allowed to understand a stream function plays a role of Hamiltonian. According to this standpoint, three-dimensional incompressible fluid theory can be related to the dynamics of Nambu brackets.
In this talk, we investigate a hydrodynamics on non-commutative space based on the formulation of dynamics by Nambu. Replacing Poisson or Nambu brackets by Moyal brackets with a parameter θ, a new hydrodynamics on non-commutative space is derived. It has an additional term of O(θ2), which does not exist in the usual Navier-Stokes equation.
In hydrodynamics, to introduce Moyal brackets corresponds to a kind of quantization procedure regarding position coordinates x and y, so that it makes the position coordinates to non-commutative ones. This procedure may be a step toward finding the hydrodynamics of granular materials whose minimum size is given by θ. In order to examine the non-commutative effect, I compare the behaver of flows which have different size of θ by computer simulation. In all the discussions in this talk, incompressibility and non-relativistic flow are supposed.
Keisuke Izumi, Nagoya University
Causal Structures in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Meeting room 3, Kenkyu honkan 1F The couplings with curvature in kinetic terms would arise as corrections from the quantum gravity theory, such as string theory. The curvature coupling in general makes the propagation to be superluminal. In the theory with superluminal modes, the causal analysis with null curves is meaningless, and thus the causal structures are nontrivial. Especially, we have to define black holes based on the fastest propagation.
