Anthony Ashmore, University of Chicago
Calabi-Yau metrics, machine learning, and the spectrum of the Laplace operator
Online (Zoom) https://kds.kek.jp/event/37101/
Calabi-Yau manifolds have played a role in advances in both mathematics and physics, and are particularly important for deriving realistic models of particle physics from string theory. Unfortunately, very little is known about the explicit metrics on these spaces, other than for tori, leaving us unable to compute particle masses or couplings in these models. In this talk I will discuss the numerical methods available for computing these metrics and review recent progress on using machine learning to find these metrics. Using this numerical ‘data’ of the metric, I will compute the spectrum of the Laplace operator acting on (p,q)-forms, taking a crucial step towards computing masses and couplings in physically relevant theories.
Tomas Brauner, University of Stavanger
Higher-group symmetry in (generalized) superfluid mixtures
Online (Zoom), slides (kek.jp only)
In recent years, the notion of global higher-group symmetry has emerged, which brings together ordinary (0-form) and higher-form global symmetries in a more general mathematical structure. Previously, it has been shown that a nontrivial higher-group structure can be triggered by an underlying mixed ’t Hooft anomaly or by a topological coupling of different sectors of the theory. Starting with an elementary review of higher-form symmetry, I will explain how this naturally leads to a new class of systems featuring higher-group symmetry. The niche in which such symmetries occur is that of multicomponent generalized p-form superfluids. The higher-group structure arises from the Grassmann algebra of topological currents of the superfluid.
Tadashi Takayanagi, YITP, Kyoto University
Path-Integral Optimization from Hartle-Hawking Wave Function
Online (Zoom) https://kds.kek.jp/event/37100/
We propose a gravity dual description of the path-integral optimization in conformal field theories arXiv:1703.00456, using Hartle-Hawking wave functions in anti-de Sitter spacetimes. We show that the maximization of the Hartle-Hawking wave function is equivalent to the path-integral optimization procedure. Namely, the variation of the wave function leads to a constraint, equivalent to the Neumann boundary condition on a bulk slice, whose classical solutions reproduce metrics from the path-integral optimization in conformal field theories. After taking the boundary limit of the semi-classical Hartle-Hawking wave function, we reproduce the path-integral complexity action in two dimensions as well as its higher and lower dimensional generalizations. We also discuss an emergence of holographic time from conformal field theory path-integrals.
Takahiko Matsubara, KEK
[Cosmophysics seminar] The Statistics of Peaks of Weakly Non-Gaussian Fields
Online (Zoom), slides (kek.jp only)
The peaks in the cosmic fields have been attracting a lot of interest in the analysis of cosmological fields. In this talk, analytic formulas for the abundance and correlation of peaks in the presence of weak non-Gaussianity are newly derived and presented in N dimensions with N=1,2,3. These formulas provide theoretical methods for the analysis of peak statistics in cosmological fields, such as the galaxy density field or the weak lensing field, etc.
Wen Yin, University of Tokyo
Messengers of reheating phase and their spectra
Online (Zoom), indico page, slides (kek.jp only) After inflation, the Universe presumably undergoes a phase of reheating which in effect starts the thermal big bang cosmology. However, so far we have very little direct experimental or observational evidence of this important phase of the Universe. I would like to argue that measuring the spectrum of freely propagating relativistic particles produced during reheating may provide us with powerful information on the reheating phase. To demonstrate this possibility, we first discuss which kind of (SM,BSM) particle can play the role of the messenger of reheating. Then we show that the spectrum crucially depends on whether the mother non-relativistic particle once dominated the Universe or not.
After inflation, the Universe presumably undergoes a phase of reheating which in effect starts the thermal big bang cosmology. However, so far we have very little direct experimental or observational evidence of this important phase of the Universe. I would like to argue that measuring the spectrum of freely propagating relativistic particles produced during reheating may provide us with powerful information on the reheating phase. To demonstrate this possibility, we first discuss which kind of (SM,BSM) particle can play the role of the messenger of reheating. Then we show that the spectrum crucially depends on whether the mother non-relativistic particle once dominated the Universe or not.
Characteristic features caused by the dependence on the number of the relativistic degrees of freedom may even allow to infer the temperature when the decay of the heavy particle occurred. This talk is based on
2007.15006 and 2102.00006.
Shih-Yen Tseng, The University of Tokyo
Alternative Minimal U(1)B-L
Online (Zoom), indico page, slides (kek.jp only)
We propose a minimal alternative gauged U(1)B-L model in which three right-handed neutrinos with charges of (5,-4,-4) and only one B-L Higgs field with charge 1 are introduced. Consistent active neutrino masses and mixings can be obtained if a Z2 symmetry on two of the right-handed neutrinos is introduced. It predicts two heavy degenerate right-handed neutrinos, which may realize the resonant leptogenesis scenario, and one relatively light sterile neutrino, which is a good dark matter candidate.
笠 真生, Princeton University
[KEK連携コロキウム]トポロジカル相と部分転置
Online (Zoom)
量子多体系では、古典系との類似を持たない様々な創発的な現象が実現されうる。通常の自発的対称性の破れで特徴づけられない、トポロジカル相はその一例である。本講演では、部分転置とよばれる量子情報理論で使われる操作を使って、トポロジカル相の様々な性質を議論する。一例として、部分転置を使って時間反転対称性で保護されたトポロジカル相（トポロジカル絶縁体など）のトポロジカル不変量を構成できることを示す。この不変量は、よく議論される自由電子系（バンド理論）におけるトポロジカル不変量（例えばKane-Meleによるもの）とは異なり、相互作用がある系にも適用される。部分転置は、また、エンタングルメントネガティビティと呼ばれる混合状態に対する量子もつれの測度の構成にも使うことができる。講演では、トポロジカル相に存在する準粒子であるエニオンの性質を、エンタングルメントネガティビティを使って議論する。
Motoko Fujiwara, Nagoya University
A model of electroweakly interacting non-abelian vector dark matter
Online (Zoom), indico page, slides (kek.jp only)
We propose a new electroweakly interacting spin-1 dark matter(DM) model. In our model, DM pairs annihilate into SM particles through the electroweak interaction efficiently. Therefore, we can explain the correct DM energy density via the freeze-out mechanism while evading the current experimental bounds. In this talk, we present how we constructed this spin-1 DM model. We also show the parameter region where we obtain the correct DM energy density and discuss the future detectability of this model. This talk is based on JHEP 07 (2020) 136 [arXiv:2004.00884].
Masazumi Honda (YITP, Kyoto University)
Quantum simulations of gauge/string/M-theory and via matrix quantum mechanics
Online (Zoom), indico page, slides (kek.jp only)
This talk consists of two parts. In the first part, I am going to talk on our proposal on a new framework for simulating U(k) Yang-Mills theory on a universal quantum computer. This construction utilizes the orbifold lattice formulation proposed by Kaplan, Katz, and Unsal, who originally applied it to supersymmetric gauge theories. Our proposed approach yields a novel perspective on quantum simulation of quantum field theories, carrying certain advantages over the usual Kogut-Susskind formulation. In the second part, I am going to present a novel framework for simulating matrix models on a quantum computer. Supersymmetric matrix models have natural applications to superstring/M-theory and gravitational physics, in an appropriate limit of parameters. Furthermore, for certain states in the Berenstein-Maldacena-Nastase (BMN) matrix model, several supersymmetric quantum field theories dual to superstring/M-theory can be realized on a quantum device. This talk is based on collaborations with Alexander Buser, Hrant Gharibyan, Masanori Hanada and Junyu Liu.
Masazumi Honda, February, YITP, Kyoto University
Digital quantum simulation of the Schwinger model with topological
Online (Zoom), indico page, slides (kek.jp only)
