Toshifumi Yamada, NCU, Taiwan
T-odd asymmetry in W+jet events at the LHC
W bosons produced at high transverse momentum in hadron collisions can
have polarization along the direction perpendicular to the production
plane, which is odd under naive-T-reversal where both the
three-momenta and angular momenta are reversed. Perturbative QCD
predicts non-zero polarization at the one-loop level, which can be
measured as parity-odd components in the angular distribution of
charged leptons from the decay of W bosons. We perform a
detector-level simulation with the generator aMC@NLO, and demonstrate
that the asymmetry can be observed at the 8 TeV LHC with 20 fb^-1 of
data. If confirmed, it will be the first experimental measurement of
the sign of the imaginary part of one-loop QCD amplitudes.
Khaiming Wong, Universiti Sains Malaysia(USM) MALAYSIA School of Physics
Half-Integer Magnetic Monopole and Dyon Solutions in the SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs Theory
We review magnetic monopoles and dyons of one-half topological charge with finite energy in the SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs theory.
The half-monopole can exist individually, where it is located at the origin of the coordinate axes r = 0. It can also coexist with a ‘t Hooft-Polyakov monopole, with the one-monopole with charge +1 at the positive z-axis and a half-monopole with charge – ½ at the origin.
Both of these axially symmetric configurations possess finite total energy and magnetic dipole moment. The total energy is found to increase with the strength of the Higgs field self-coupling constant λ. The magnetic dipole moment and the dipole separation (one plus half-monopole) decrease with λ. Both the two configurations are non-BPS solutions even in the BPS limit when the Higgs self-coupling constant vanishes. By switching on the time component of the Yang-Mills potential, electric charge is introduced into the system, where we now have half-dyon and one plus half-dyon.
Besides possessing electric charge which varies with λ and electric charge parameter η, the configurations also exhibit critical behaviour in total energy, electric charge, and dipole moment, when η→1.
Gabriel Catren, Laboratoire SPHERE, Université Paris Diderot - CNRS, Paris, France
On the Relation Between Gauge and Phase Symmetries
We propose a group-theoretical interpretation of the fact that the transition from classical to quantum mechanics entails a reduction in the number of observables needed to define a physical state (e.g. from q and p to q or p in the simplest case). We argue that, in analogy to gauge theories, such a reduction results from the action of a symmetry group. To do so, we propose a conceptual analysis of formal tools coming from symplectic geometry and group representation theory, notably Souriau’s moment map, the Mardsen–Weinstein symplectic reduction, the symplectic “category” introduced by Weinstein, and the conjecture (proposed by Guillemin and Sternberg) according to which “quantization commutes with reduction”. In particular, we argue that phase invariance in quantum mechanics and gauge invariance have a common geometric underpinning, namely the symplectic reduction formalism. This stance points towards a gauge-theoretical interpretation of Heisenberg indeterminacy principle. We revisit (the extreme cases of) this principle in the light of the difference between the set-theoretic points of a phase space and its category-theoretic symplectic points.
Keitaro Nagata, KEK
Canonical approach to finite density QCD
Recently, QCD at finite temperature and density attracts renewed interests, stimulated by advances in lattice QCD technique for finite density system and a beam energy scan (BES) program, which is an on-going experiment at RHIC to investigate the QCD phase diagram.
Towards the understanding of QCD at finite density, we employ a canonical approach, which is based on a fundamental equation describing the relation between canonical and grand canonical partition functions. I will talk about its applications both to BES experiment and lattice QCD simulations.
First, we introduce the framework and explain possible applications, such as moments of the probability distribution and Lee-Yang zeros. Then, we apply the technique to data obtained in BES experiments. We show that the canonical approach enables us to investigate a wide range of QCD phase diagram using data obtained at a certain point (chemical freeze-out point).
Next, we study canonical partition functions and Lee-Yang zeros in lattice QCD simulations. They show a drastic change from the confinement to deconfinement phases. In addition, we analytically solve canonical partition functions and Lee-Yang zeros for high temperature QCD using a saddle point approximation. We find that the analytic result of Lee-Yang zeros explain a gross feature of those obtained from lattice QCD simulations. We discuss its implications to experimental data.
References
1. Lee-Yang zero distribution of high temperature QCD and Roberge-Weiss phase transition
K. Nagata, K. Kashiwa, A. Nakamura, S. M. Nishigaki arXiv:1410.0783
2. Probing QCD Phase Structure by Baryon Multiplicity Distribution A. Nakamura, K. Nagata [arXiv:1305.0760]
3. Towards extremely dense matter on the lattice K. Nagata, S. Motoki, Y. Nakagawa, A. Nakamura, T.Saito [PTEP01A103(2012), arXiv:1204.1412]
Kazumi Kashiyama, University of California, Berkeley
Neutrino Tomography of GRB jet
The IceCube discovery of astrophysical sub-PeV neutrinos has opened a new era of multi-messenger astronomy. Relativistic GRB jets are a long-standing candidate source of such neutrinos, although no neutrino counterpart of the observed GRBs has been reported so far. Here, I overview possible neutrino production processes in GRB jet, and argue how far detections or even non-dentecions of such neutrino counterparts, combined with multi-band electromagnetic observations, can shape the physics of GRB jet in the next decade.
Dan Hooper, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Dark matter Annihilation in the Galactic Center
Past studies have identified a spatially extended excess of ~1-3 GeV gamma rays from the region surrounding the Galactic Center, consistent with the emission expected from annihilating dark matter. Recent improvements in the analysis techniques have found this excess to be robust and highly statistically significant, with a spectrum, angular distribution, and overall normalization that is in good agreement with that predicted by simple annihilating dark matter models. For example, the signal is very well fit by a 31-40 GeV dark matter particle annihilating to b quarks with an annihilation cross section of sigma v = (1.7-2.3) x 10^-26 cm^3/s. Furthermore, the angular distribution of the excess is approximately spherically symmetric and centered around the dynamical center of the Milky Way (within ~0.05 degrees of Sgr A*), showing no sign of elongation along or perpendicular to the Galactic Plane. The signal is observed to extend to at least 10 degrees from the Galactic Center, disfavoring the possibility that this emission originates from millisecond pulsars.
Keiju Murata, Keio U
Electric Field Quench in AdS/CFT
An electric field quench, a suddenly applied electric field, can induce nontrivial dynamics in confining systems which may lead to thermalization as well as a deconfinement transition. In order to analyze this nonequilibrium transitions, we use the AdS/CFT correspondence for N=2 supersymmetric QCD that has a confining meson sector. We find that the electric field quench causes the deconfinement transition even when the magnitude of the applied electric field is smaller than the critical value for the static case (which is the QCD Schwinger limit for quark-antiquark pair creation). The time dependence is crucial for this phenomenon, and the gravity dual explains it as the weakly turbulent instability of a D-brane in the bulk AdS spacetime. Interestingly, the d econfinement time takes only discrete values as a function of the magnitude of the electric field. We advocate that the new deconfinement phenomenon is analogous to the exciton Mott transition.
Kantaro Ohmori, The Univ. of Tokyo
Anomaly polynomial of general 6d SCFTs
6d N=(2,0) theories are the source of many beautiful stories on supersymmetric field theories whose dimensions are lower than six. We hope similar and richer stories hold for 6d N=(1,0) theories, although it should be much harder to investigate with fewer supersymmetries.
As a first step, we want better understanding of 6d theories and some calculable quantities of those theories. We found that the anomaly polynomials of 6d N=(2,0) or N=(1,0) SCFTs can be determined on their tensor branch using a kind of anomaly maching mechanism similar to the Green-Schwarz mechanism. Each self-dual tensor fields associated to tensor branch scalars can have non-trivial Bianchi identities, which results in contribution to the anomaly additional to contribution from naive 1-loop calculation. Anomaly matching conditions uniquely determines such contributions, enabling us to calculate anomaly polynomials.
In this talk, I will review 6d N=(1,0) SCFTs which can be constructed with branes of the M-thoery, and then talk about anomaly polynomials. Especially, I will focus on the world volume theories of M5-branes on the ALE-singularities of general type.
Tomoaki Ishiyama, Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Dark Matter Structure Formation Simulations on K Supercomputer
Smaller dark matter subhalos are more abundant in the Milky Way. The survivability of such subhalos in the Milky Way depends on their structure. This suggests that the structure of subhalos can determine the fine structure of the Milky Way halo. I report the results of high resolution cosmological simulations of very small scale structure formation peformed on K computer. I focus on the formation and evolution of dark matter halos near the free streaming scale, and their impact on the indirect dark matter detection experiments.
Guray Erkol, Ozyegin University
A look inside hadrons: What can we learn from theory?
